First Release of Claw3D (#11)
Co-authored-by: iamlukethedev <iamlukethedev@users.noreply.github.com>
This commit is contained in:
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# PI + Chat Streaming (Studio Side)
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This document exists to onboard coding agents quickly when debugging chat issues in Claw3D.
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Scope:
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- Describes how Studio connects to the OpenClaw Gateway, how runtime streaming arrives over WebSockets, and how the UI renders it.
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- Treats **PI** as “the coding agent running behind the Gateway” (an OpenClaw agent). Studio does not implement PI logic; it displays and controls the Gateway session.
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Non-scope:
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- PI internals and model/tool execution details. Those live in the OpenClaw repository and the Gateway implementation.
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## Key Files (Start Here)
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- Studio server entry + upgrade wiring: `server/index.js`
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- Browser WS bridge to upstream gateway: `server/gateway-proxy.js`
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- Browser WS URL (always same-origin `/api/gateway/ws`): `src/lib/gateway/proxy-url.ts`
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- Browser gateway protocol client (vendored): `src/lib/gateway/openclaw/GatewayBrowserClient.ts`
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- Studio gateway wrapper + connect policy: `src/lib/gateway/GatewayClient.ts`
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- Runtime stream classification and merge helpers: `src/features/agents/state/runtimeEventBridge.ts`
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- Runtime event executor (streaming -> state -> transcript lines): `src/features/agents/state/gatewayRuntimeEventHandler.ts`
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- Chat rendering: `src/features/agents/components/AgentChatPanel.tsx`, `src/features/agents/components/chatItems.ts`
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- Message parsing (text/thinking/tool markers): `src/lib/text/message-extract.ts`
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- History sync + transcript merge: `src/features/agents/operations/historySyncOperation.ts`, `src/features/agents/state/transcript.ts`
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## Relationship To OpenClaw (What’s Vendored Here)
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Studio vendors the browser Gateway client used to speak the Gateway protocol:
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- Vendored client: `src/lib/gateway/openclaw/GatewayBrowserClient.ts`
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- Sync script: `scripts/sync-openclaw-gateway-client.ts`
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- Sync source: provide an explicit local source path to the sync script via CLI arg or env var.
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Important:
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- Studio does not currently auto-sync `GatewayBrowserClient.ts` from a fixed maintainer-local checkout path.
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- If protocol mismatch is suspected, first verify the sync source file and the upstream Gateway runtime/protocol files are aligned.
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If a protocol mismatch is suspected (missing event fields, renamed streams, different error codes), start by checking whether Studio’s vendored client is in sync with the Gateway version you’re running.
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## Upstream Source Of Truth (OpenClaw)
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For chat streaming behavior, these upstream files are authoritative:
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- `src/gateway/protocol/schema/logs-chat.ts` in your OpenClaw checkout (`chat.send`, `chat.history`, and chat event schema)
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- `src/gateway/server-methods/chat.ts` in your OpenClaw checkout (`chat.send` ack + idempotency, `chat.history` payload shaping/sanitization)
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- `src/gateway/server-chat.ts` in your OpenClaw checkout (`agent` event fanout and synthetic `chat` delta/final bridging)
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- `src/agents/pi-embedded-subscribe.ts` and related handlers in your OpenClaw checkout (`assistant`/`tool`/`lifecycle` stream emission)
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When updating this doc, verify behavior against those files, not assumptions.
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## Terminology
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- Studio: this repo, a Next.js UI with a custom Node server.
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- Gateway (upstream): the OpenClaw Gateway WebSocket server (default `ws://localhost:18789`).
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- WS bridge / proxy: Studio’s server-side WebSocket that bridges the browser to the upstream Gateway.
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- Frame: JSON message over WebSocket (request/response/event).
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- Run: a single streamed execution identified by `runId`.
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- Session: identified by `sessionKey` (Studio uses `agent:<agentId>:<mainKey>` for main sessions).
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## High-Level Network Path
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There are two separate WebSocket hops, plus a protocol-level `connect` request:
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```mermaid
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sequenceDiagram
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participant B as Browser (Studio UI)
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participant S as Studio server (WS proxy)
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participant G as OpenClaw Gateway (upstream)
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B->>S: WS connect /api/gateway/ws
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B->>S: req(connect) (Gateway protocol frame)
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S->>G: WS connect upstream (url from settings.json)
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S->>G: req(connect) (injects token if missing)
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G-->>S: res(connect)
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S-->>B: res(connect)
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G-->>S: event(chat/agent/presence/heartbeat)
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S-->>B: event(...)
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```
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Files:
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- WS proxy entrypoint: `server/index.js`
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- WS proxy implementation: `server/gateway-proxy.js`
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Notes:
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- The browser never opens a WebSocket directly to the upstream Gateway URL. The browser always speaks to the Studio same-origin bridge at `/api/gateway/ws` (computed by `src/lib/gateway/proxy-url.ts`).
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- The “upstream gateway URL” shown in Studio settings is used by the Studio server (the proxy) to open the upstream connection.
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## End-To-End Flow (PI Run -> UI)
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This is the “happy path” you want in your head when debugging:
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1. User types in the chat composer and hits Send (`src/features/agents/components/AgentChatPanel.tsx`).
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2. Studio calls `chat.send` with `sessionKey` and `idempotencyKey = runId` (`src/features/agents/operations/chatSendOperation.ts`).
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3. Gateway runs the agent (PI) for that session.
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4. While the run is executing, the Gateway may stream:
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- `event: "agent"` frames for live partial output (`stream: "assistant"`), live thinking (`reason*`/`think*` streams), tool calls/results (`stream: "tool"`), and lifecycle (`stream: "lifecycle"`).
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- `event: "chat"` frames for the chat message stream (`state: "delta" | "final" | ...`).
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- Both streams can describe the same run progression from different layers (`agent` stream events and `chat` message events), so Studio must merge idempotently.
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5. Studio merges those events into:
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- live fields (`streamText`, `thinkingTrace`) via batched `queueLivePatch` (fast UI updates without committing to the transcript yet)
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- committed transcript lines (`outputLines`) via `appendOutput` (final messages, tool lines, meta/timestamp, thinking trace)
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6. The chat panel renders:
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- historical transcript from `outputLines`
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- an extra “live assistant” card at the bottom built from `streamText` + `thinkingTrace` while `status === "running"`.
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The key wiring is in:
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- Event subscription + dispatch: `src/app/page.tsx`
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- Runtime event handler: `src/features/agents/state/gatewayRuntimeEventHandler.ts`
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- Store reducer: `src/features/agents/state/store.tsx`
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## Studio Settings (Where Gateway URL/Token Come From)
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Studio persists Gateway connection settings on the Studio host (not in browser persistent storage). The UI still loads them into browser memory at runtime:
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- `~/.openclaw/claw3d/settings.json` (see `README.md` for the canonical location)
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The WS proxy loads these settings server-side and opens the upstream connection.
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Files:
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- Settings file access (WS proxy): `server/studio-settings.js`
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- Settings API route (browser -> server): `src/app/api/studio/route.ts`
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- Client-side load/patch coordinator: `src/lib/studio/coordinator.ts`
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- Settings storage + fallback behavior used by `/api/studio`: `src/lib/studio/settings-store.ts`
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Connection note:
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- In the browser, `useGatewayConnection()` stores the upstream URL/token in memory (loaded from `/api/studio`) but connects the WebSocket to Studio via `resolveStudioProxyGatewayUrl()`; the upstream URL is passed as `authScopeKey` (not as the WebSocket URL). See `src/lib/gateway/GatewayClient.ts`.
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Token resolution note:
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- The Studio server resolves an upstream token from `claw3d/settings.json`, and if it is missing it may fall back to the local OpenClaw config in `openclaw.json` (token + port). This behavior exists in both the WS proxy path (`server/studio-settings.js`) and the `/api/studio` storage layer (`src/lib/studio/settings-store.ts`) and they should remain consistent.
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- During `connect`, the WS proxy forwards browser-provided auth (`params.auth.token` or `params.device.signature`) as-is. It injects the host-resolved token only when browser auth is absent. `studio.gateway_token_missing` is returned only when neither browser auth nor host token is available.
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## WebSocket Frame Shapes
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Studio expects Gateway frames shaped like:
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```json
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{ "type": "req", "id": "uuid", "method": "connect", "params": { } }
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{ "type": "res", "id": "uuid", "ok": true, "payload": { } }
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{ "type": "res", "id": "uuid", "ok": false, "error": { "code": "…", "message": "…" } }
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{ "type": "event", "event": "chat", "payload": { } }
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```
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Types live in:
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- `src/lib/gateway/GatewayClient.ts`
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### Connect handshake
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The first *protocol frame* from the browser must be `req(connect)`. The WS proxy:
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- Rejects non-`connect` frames until connected.
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- Opens an upstream WS to the configured Gateway URL.
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- Injects `auth.token` into the connect params if the connect frame does not already contain a token, and if it does not include a device signature.
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- Returns `studio.gateway_token_missing` only when no browser auth is present and no host token can be resolved.
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- Sets an `Origin` header for the upstream WebSocket derived from the upstream URL (and normalizes loopback hostnames to `localhost`).
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Code:
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- Connect enforcement + token injection: `server/gateway-proxy.js`
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### Connect failures
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On failure to load settings or open upstream, the proxy sends an error `res` for the connect request (when possible) and then closes the WS.
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Important detail (how errors become actionable in the UI):
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- The browser-side Gateway client (`src/lib/gateway/openclaw/GatewayBrowserClient.ts`) closes the WebSocket with close code `4008` and a reason like `connect failed: <CODE> <MESSAGE>` after it receives a failed `res(connect)`. `GatewayClient.connect()` parses that close into `GatewayResponseError(code, message)` for UI retry policy and user-facing errors.
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- Separately, the proxy may also close with `1011` / `connect failed`; the “connect failed: …” close reason that the UI parses is produced by the browser client, not the proxy.
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- WebSocket close reasons are truncated to 123 UTF-8 bytes in the browser client to avoid protocol errors on long messages.
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Error codes used by the proxy include:
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- `studio.gateway_url_missing`
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- `studio.gateway_token_missing`
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- `studio.gateway_url_invalid`
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- `studio.settings_load_failed`
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- `studio.upstream_error`
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- `studio.upstream_closed`
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## Reconnects And Retries
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There are two layers of retry behavior:
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- Transport reconnect (after a successful hello): the vendored browser client reconnects the browser->Studio WebSocket with backoff when it closes, and continues emitting events after reconnect. See `src/lib/gateway/openclaw/GatewayBrowserClient.ts`.
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- Initial connect failure retry: when the initial `connect` handshake fails (for example bad token), `GatewayClient.connect()` tears down the vendored client and returns a rejected promise; `useGatewayConnection()` may schedule a limited re-attempt unless the error code is known non-retryable. See `resolveGatewayAutoRetryDelayMs` in `src/lib/gateway/GatewayClient.ts`.
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## Studio Access Gate
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When Studio is bound to a public host, `STUDIO_ACCESS_TOKEN` is required. For loopback-only binds, it remains optional. When enabled, Studio enforces a simple access gate:
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- HTTP: blocks `/api/*` routes unless the correct `studio_access` cookie is present.
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- WebSocket: blocks `/api/gateway/ws` upgrades unless the cookie is present.
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Files:
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- Gate implementation: `server/access-gate.js`
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- Gate integration for WS upgrades: `server/index.js`
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## Streaming: What the Gateway Sends and How Studio Uses It
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Studio classifies gateway events by `event` name:
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- `presence`, `heartbeat`: summary refresh triggers
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- `chat`: runtime chat messages (delta/final)
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- `agent`: runtime per-stream deltas (assistant/thinking/tool/lifecycle)
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Code:
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- Classification: `src/features/agents/state/runtimeEventBridge.ts`
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- Execution: `src/features/agents/state/gatewayRuntimeEventHandler.ts`
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## Live Fields vs Committed Transcript (Why Streaming Can “Look Weird”)
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Studio intentionally separates:
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- Live streaming UI: `AgentState.streamText` and `AgentState.thinkingTrace` are updated via `queueLivePatch`, which batches patches and coalesces multiple deltas before they hit React state (`src/app/page.tsx`).
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- Committed transcript: `AgentState.outputLines` is appended via `appendOutput`. These are the lines that become the durable on-screen transcript and are later merged with `chat.history` results (`src/features/agents/state/store.tsx`).
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This split is why you can see:
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- “live” assistant output update rapidly at the bottom card during a run
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- then a finalized assistant message (plus tool lines / thinking trace / meta timestamp) appear in the transcript on `final`
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### `event: "chat"` payload
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Studio treats `chat` events as the canonical “message” stream for transcript completion. Expected fields:
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- `runId`
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- `sessionKey`
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- `state`: `delta | final | aborted | error`
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- `message` (shape varies; Studio extracts text/thinking/tool metadata defensively)
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Key behaviors (Studio-side):
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- Ignores user/system roles for transcript append (but uses them for status/summary).
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- User messages shown in the transcript are primarily from local optimistic send and from `chat.history` sync (not from runtime `chat` user-role events).
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- On `final`, appends:
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- a `[[meta]]{...}` line (timestamp and thinking duration when available)
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- a `[[trace]]` thinking block when extracted
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- tool call/result markdown lines when present
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- the assistant text (if any)
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- If a `final` assistant message arrives without an extractable thinking trace, Studio may request `chat.history` as recovery.
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- `chat.send` is idempotency-keyed upstream and returns a started ack before async completion; this is why history reconciliation can race with runtime events and must be idempotent.
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### `event: "agent"` payload
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Studio uses `agent` events for live streaming and richer tool/lifecycle updates. Expected fields:
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- `runId`
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- `stream`: `assistant | tool | lifecycle | <reasoning stream>`
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- `data`: record with `text`/`delta` and stream-specific keys
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Stream handling (high-level):
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- `assistant`: merges `data.delta` into a live `streamText` for the UI.
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- reasoning stream (anything that is not `assistant`, `tool`, `lifecycle` and matches hints like `reason`/`think`/`analysis`/`trace`): merged into `thinkingTrace`.
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- `tool`: formats tool call and tool result lines using `[[tool]]` and `[[tool-result]]`.
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- `lifecycle`: start/end/error transitions; if a run reaches `end` without chat final events, Studio may flush the last streamed assistant text as a fallback final transcript entry.
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Code:
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- Runtime agent stream merge + append: `src/features/agents/state/gatewayRuntimeEventHandler.ts`
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## How Chat UI Renders Streaming
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Studio keeps an `outputLines: string[]` transcript per agent, plus live fields like `streamText` and `thinkingTrace`.
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Rendering pipeline:
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- `outputLines` contains:
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- user messages as `> ...`
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- assistant messages as raw markdown text
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- tool call/results with prefixes `[[tool]]` and `[[tool-result]]`
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- optional meta lines `[[meta]]{...}` for timestamps and thinking durations
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- optional thinking trace lines `[[trace]] ...`
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- The panel derives structured chat items from `outputLines` and (optionally) live streaming state.
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- UI toggles that change rendering:
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- `showThinkingTraces`: hides/shows `[[trace]]` thinking entries.
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- `toolCallingEnabled`: when off, tool lines are hidden and some exec tool results may be shown as assistant text.
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### Rendering contract
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- Assistant markdown renders as assistant markdown. Studio does not wrap normal assistant markdown in a synthetic `Output` container.
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- Tool cards render only from explicit marker lines: `[[tool]]` and `[[tool-result]]`.
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- List-marker visibility comes from chat markdown styles in `src/app/styles/markdown.css`; stream parsing does not invent list bullets.
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Files:
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- Chat panel UI: `src/features/agents/components/AgentChatPanel.tsx`
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- Transcript parsing into items: `src/features/agents/components/chatItems.ts`
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- Message extraction helpers (text/thinking/tool parsing): `src/lib/text/message-extract.ts`
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- Media line rewrite (images/audio/video rendered in markdown): `src/lib/text/media-markdown.ts`
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## Sending Messages (Browser -> PI via Gateway)
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Send path (high level):
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- UI submits a message through `sendChatMessageViaStudio()` which:
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- Sets agent state to running and clears live streams.
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- Optionally resets local transcript state for `/new` or `/reset` (local UI behavior).
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- Optimistically appends the user line (`> ...`) to the transcript.
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- Ensures session settings are synced once via `sessions.patch` (model/thinking/exec settings) before first send.
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- Calls `chat.send` with `idempotencyKey = runId` and `deliver: false`.
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Stop path:
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- UI calls `chat.abort` to stop an active run.
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Files:
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- Send operation: `src/features/agents/operations/chatSendOperation.ts`
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- Session settings sync transport: `src/lib/gateway/GatewayClient.ts`
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- Stop call site: `src/app/page.tsx`
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## Post-Connect Side Effects (Local Gateway Only)
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After a successful connection, Studio may mutate gateway config when the upstream gateway URL is local:
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- It reads `config.get` and may write `config.set` to ensure `gateway.reload.mode` is `"hot"` for local Studio usage.
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File:
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- Reload mode enforcement: `src/lib/gateway/gatewayReloadMode.ts`
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## Sequence Gaps (Dropped Events)
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Gateway event frames may include `seq`. The vendored browser client tracks `seq` and reports gaps (`expected`, `received`) via `onGap`.
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Studio behavior on gap:
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- Logs a warning.
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- Forces a summary snapshot refresh and reconciles running agents.
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Files:
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- Gap detection: `src/lib/gateway/openclaw/GatewayBrowserClient.ts`
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- Gap handling: `src/app/page.tsx`
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## History Sync (Recovery, Load More)
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Studio can fetch history via `chat.history` and merge it into the transcript.
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Key points:
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- Studio intentionally treats gateway history as canonical for timestamps/final ordering.
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- History merge is designed to avoid duplicates and reconcile local optimistic sends.
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- History parsing intentionally skips some system-ish content (heartbeat prompts, restart sentinel messages, and UI metadata prefixes). See `buildHistoryLines()` in `src/features/agents/state/runtimeEventBridge.ts`.
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- Transcript v2 can be toggled with `NEXT_PUBLIC_STUDIO_TRANSCRIPT_V2`.
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- Transcript debug logs can be enabled with `NEXT_PUBLIC_STUDIO_TRANSCRIPT_DEBUG`.
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Files:
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- History operation: `src/features/agents/operations/historySyncOperation.ts`
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- Transcript merge/sort primitives: `src/features/agents/state/transcript.ts`
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## Exec Approvals In Chat (Related To “PI Runs”)
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Some runs require exec approval. These are surfaced as in-chat cards and are handled separately from the `chat`/`agent` runtime stream.
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Files:
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- Event to pending-card state: `src/features/agents/approvals/execApprovalEvents.ts`
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- Resolve operation: `src/features/agents/approvals/execApprovalResolveOperation.ts`
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- Wiring (subscribe + render): `src/app/page.tsx`, `src/features/agents/components/AgentChatPanel.tsx`
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## Media Rendering (Images From Agent Output)
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If an agent outputs lines like:
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- `MEDIA: /home/ubuntu/.openclaw/.../image.png`
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Studio may render them inline:
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1. UI rewrites eligible `MEDIA:` lines into markdown images (``) but avoids rewriting inside fenced code blocks.
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2. The browser requests `/api/gateway/media`.
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3. The API route reads the image either locally (only under `~/.openclaw`) or over SSH for remote gateways, and returns the bytes with the correct `Content-Type`.
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Files:
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- Rewrite helper: `src/lib/text/media-markdown.ts`
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- Media API route: `src/app/api/gateway/media/route.ts`
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- SSH helper + env vars (`OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_SSH_TARGET`, `OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_SSH_USER`): `src/lib/ssh/gateway-host.ts`
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## Debugging Checklist (When Chat “Feels Buggy”)
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Start with the hop where symptoms appear.
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WS bridge / connectivity:
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- Studio server logs (proxy): `server/gateway-proxy.js`
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- Common failures: wrong `ws://` vs `wss://`, missing token, gateway closed, upstream TLS mismatch
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|
||||
Streaming correctness (missing/duplicated output):
|
||||
- Event classification + runtime stream merge: `src/features/agents/state/gatewayRuntimeEventHandler.ts`
|
||||
- Text/thinking/tool extraction quirks: `src/lib/text/message-extract.ts`
|
||||
- UI item derivation and collapsing rules: `src/features/agents/components/chatItems.ts`
|
||||
- Dedupe of tool lines per run + closed-run ignore window: `src/features/agents/state/gatewayRuntimeEventHandler.ts`
|
||||
|
||||
History and ordering issues:
|
||||
- `chat.history` merge logic and dedupe: `src/features/agents/operations/historySyncOperation.ts`
|
||||
- Transcript entry ordering/fingerprints: `src/features/agents/state/transcript.ts`
|
||||
|
||||
Media not rendering:
|
||||
- `MEDIA:` rewrite behavior and code-fence skipping: `src/lib/text/media-markdown.ts`
|
||||
- Image fetch route behavior (local vs SSH, allowlisted extensions, size limits): `src/app/api/gateway/media/route.ts`
|
||||
|
||||
If you need Gateway-side observability:
|
||||
- Capture the exact `connect` settings used by Studio (URL + token are stored server-side in the Studio settings file).
|
||||
- Inspect Gateway logs on the Gateway host using your environment’s service/log tooling.
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user